El ob­jetivo de este estudio fue evaluar en un modelo animal el efecto del entrenamiento aeróbico y del ejercicio eventual sobre el estado oxidativo hepático. Se utilizaron 30 ratones machos NMRI, divididos en 3 grupos de 10: Control (sin ejercicio), Entrenamiento Aeróbico (EA) y Ejercicio Eventual (EE). La actividad física se realizó en una rueda de ejercicio que giraba a 50 rpm/ (30 minutos. día) por 6 semanas para el grupo con EA y a 50 rpm/ 30 minutos, una vez para el EE. Se determinó en sangre la concentración de albúmina, y en hígado se cuantificó la concentración de Dienos Conjugados, Malondialdehido, Glutatión Reducido (GSH), y se realizó el estudio histopatológico. Los resultados muestran que los animales que realizaron EE presentaron un aumento marcado de la lipoperoxidación (LPO) hepática comparado con el grupo control y con los de EA. Con respecto a la respuesta antioxidante, la concentración de GSH aumentó en los animales de EA y disminuyó en los de EE, la albúmina fue menor en los animales que se ejercitaron. El cociente GSH/LPO fue mayor en los animales de EA, lo que indica una disminución de la LPO en relación con la respuesta antioxidante dada por el GSH. Los resultados de este estudio muestran que a pesar de que ocurre un aumento de la lipoperoxidación hepática durante el ejercicio, esta oxidación no altera la estructura histológica del órgano y dependiendo del tipo de ejercicio, el organismo se adapta produciendo aumento de la defensa antioxidante, base esta del entrenamiento.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate in an animal model the effect of aerobic training on hepatic oxidative status. Control (without exercise) Aerobic Training (EA) and Exercise Eventually (EE): 30 NMRI male mice were divided into 3 groups of 10 were used. Physical activity was conducted in an exercise wheel rotating at 50 rpm / 30 minutes / day / six weeks for the group with AD and 50 rpm / 30 minutes / once for EE. Albumin concentration was determined in blood, liver and the concentration of conjugated diene, malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione (GSH) was measured and histopathological study. The results show that animals made EE showed a marked increase in hepatic lipid peroxidation (LPO) compared with the control group and the EA. Regarding the antioxidant response, the concentration of GSH increased animals decreased in EA and EE and albumin was lower in animals who exercised. The GSH / LPO ratio was greater in animals EA, indicating a decrease in LPO in relation given by the GSH antioxidant response. No liver histopathological changes were observed. The results of this study show that despite an increase in hepatic lipid peroxidation occurs during exercise , this oxidation does not alter the histological structure of the organ and depending on the type of exercise, the body adapts by producing increased antioxidant defense based this training.

http://dx.doi.org/10.5232/ricyde2016.04506

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