Análisis del golpeo de balón y su relación con el salto vertical en futbolistas juveniles de alto nivel. (Analysis of the soccer kick and its relationship with the vertical jump in young top-class soccer players.)

Resumen

El rendimiento en acciones explosivas como el golpeo de balón y el salto vertical es de gran relevancia en el fútbol. Los objetivos del presente estudio fueron: 1) Estudiar la secuencia del golpeo en futbolistas jóvenes de alto nivel, y, 2) analizar las posibles relaciones existentes entre el golpeo de balón y el salto vertical. 21 jugadores de alto nivel (16,1 ± 0,2 años) llevaron a cabo un test de salto vertical con contramovimiento (CMJ) y un test de golpeo de balón con la máxima potencia. Los datos fueron registrados mediante una plataforma de fuerzas (Dinascan IBV) y un sistema de captura automática del movimiento (Vicon). Con este estudio, se aporta información sobre la cinemática del golpeo en futbolistas juveniles de alto nivel. En función de los resultados obtenidos, se puede afirmar que la secuencia temporal de máximos de velocidad sucede desde el extremo más proximal al más distal, incrementándose la velocidad. La ausencia de relación entre el golpeo y el salto sugiere el trabajo de fuerza explosiva específico para la mejora de cada una de ellas.

Palabras clave: fútbol, ; golpeo, ; salto vertical, ; potencia.

Abstract

Kicking and vertical jumping performance are very important in soccer. The aims of the present study were: 1) To study the kinematical sequence of the soccer kick in young top-class soccer players, and, 2) to analyse the possible relationships among the different parameters related to the soccer kick and the vertical jump in this population. 21 top-class soccer players (16,1 ± 0,2 yr.) performed a countermovement jump test (CMJ) and a maximum power soccer kick test. Data was obtained from a Dinascan IBV force platform and the Vicon system of automatic capture of the movement. With this study, we added data on the kinematics of soccer kick in young top-class soccer players. With the results obtained, it is possible to deduce that the temporal sequence of maximum velocities begins from the more proximal to more distal joint, increases the velocity. The absence of relation between these actions suggests the need of a specific explosive strength training for the improvement of each one of them.

Key words: soccer; kicking; vertical jump; power.

doi:10.5232/ricyde2010.01903

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