This study aimed to examine the effects of different specific warm-up protocols including static stretching (SS) and whole body vibrations (WBV) on kinematics and number of repetitions during a bench press set to failure in physically active male and female subjects. A secondary purpose was to analyze the role of sex on the warm-up induced effects.  24 participants (13 females and 11 males) were randomly assigned to complete 3 experimental conditions in a cross-over design: SS, WBV and SS+WBV. After each condition, participants performed one bench-press set to volitional exhaustion with a load equivalent to the 60% of one-repetition maximum (1RM). No significant differences (P>0.05) were observed in number of repetitions, mean and maximal accelerative portion (AP), mean and maximal velocity, and lifting velocity time-course pattern. Males showed significantly higher values regarding number of repetitions achieved and maximal and mean lifting velocity. However, regarding the percentage of the concentric phase in which barbell is accelerated, there were no sex differences. In conclusion, no relevant difference in kinematics variables can be shown when applying any of these three different warm-up protocols, these results may be useful when designing training programs. We recommend the protocol SS due to the cost-benefit relationship.

Resumen

El objetivo de este estudio fue examinar el efecto de diferentes protocolos de calentamiento incluyendo estiramientos estáticos (EE) y vibraciones de cuerpo entero (WBV) en variables cinemáticas y número de repeticiones completadas en una serie de press banca realizada hasta el fallo muscular, en hombres y mujeres físicamente activos. Un segundo objetivo fue analizar el papel de la variable sexo en los efectos inducidos por el calentamiento. 24 participantes (13 mujeres y 11 hombres) completaron, de forma aleatoria, 3 condiciones experimentales con un diseño cruzado: EE, WBV, y EE+WBV. Al terminar cada protocolo de calentamiento los sujetos realizaron una serie de press banca al fallo con una carga equivalente al 60% de una repetición máxima (1RM). No se observaron diferencias significativas entre condiciones experimentales en lo que respecta al número de repeticiones completadas, velocidad media y máxima, porcentaje acelerativo (AP) y evolución de la velocidad a lo largo de la serie. En el grupo de los hombres se observaron unos valores significativamente mayores en el número de repeticiones y velocidad media y máxima en comparación con las mujeres. Sin embargo, cuando se examina los percentiles en los que la barra acelera en la fase concéntrica no existen diferencias significativas entre hombres y mujeres. En conclusión, no existen diferencias significativas relativas a los parámetros cinemáticos o al número de repeticiones completadas cuando se aplican estiramientos estáticos, vibraciones de cuerpo completo o una combinación de ambas estrategias durante el calentamiento, estos resultados pueden ser útiles para el diseño del calentamiento en programas de entrenamiento. Debido a la relación coste-beneficio se puede recomendar el protocolo EE.

http://dx.doi.org/10.5232/ricyde2015.04204

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